Climate Emergency

planet-of-the-humans

Planet of the Humans

Planet of the Humans is tearing through the climate activism community, spreading confusion, doubt, and even anger amongst many of the people who are interested in doing something about the climate crisis. Unfortunately, the movie is pedalling long debunked tropes about solar and renewable energy, and doesn’t add anything new to discussion of climate action at all.
The main thesis of the movie is that all climate action has been taken over by the banks and that all climate action is as destructive or more destructive than just burning fossil fuels. This is done through a strong focus on the worst form of biomass energy and sustained by using old footage from 2012 interviewing several people who don’t seem to understand how solar energy works.
There are some good points about companies pretending they’re doing something useful for the environment, but that’s called <a href="https://eco18.com/your-guide-to-greenwashing/">Greenwashing</a> and climate activists spend a lot of time and energy fighting that too.
Let’s dive into some of this to help unravel the facts from the misinformation that you’re probably wondering about after seeing this movie.

The movie repeatedly claims that solar is not powerful enough to be taken seriously.
<blockquote>
You use more fossil fuels to do this than you’re getting benefit from it. You would have been better off just burning the fossil fuels.
</blockquote>
The time it takes for a solar panel to pay back the energy used to build it is well under four years. Since it lasts three decades, it means 90 percent of the power it produces is pollution-free, compared with zero percent of the power from burning fossil fuels. &#8211; Bill McKibben
<blockquote>
Although the film was released in 2020, the solar industry it examines, whether through incompetence or venality, is from somewhere back in 2009. – Source: <a href="https://pv-magazine-usa.com/2020/04/22/new-michael-moore-film-charges-enviro-leaders-have-lost-their-way-and-sold-out-to-corporate-interests/">PV Magazine</a>
</blockquote>
This quote is talking about the part where the movie interviews some chap talking about solar panels being 8% efficient. He claims the “football field-sized” solar park they’re standing in only generates 63,000 kWh, which can “only power 10 homes a year” because they could not afford the ”NASA solar panels” which cost “$1 million dollars a square inch.” He also says they only last 10 years. There’s a lot wrong with this, so let’s unpack it all.
Standard solar panels for industrial or home usage are 15-20% efficient, not 8%. Some high end panels are 30% and <a href="https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a32202373/solar-panel-record-efficiency/">researchers have created experimental 40% panels</a>, but 20% is probably what you’re looking at when you see the standard blueish solar panels on racks.

<table class="table" style="width: 100%; font-size: 18px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="text-align: left;">
<th>Manufacturer</th>
<th>Model</th>
<th>Rated Efficiency</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a title="Sunpower Reviews" href="https://www.solarreviews.com/manufacturers/sunpower/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Sunpower X Series</a></td>
<td>SPR-X22-370</td>
<td>22.80%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a title="REC Reviews" href="https://www.solarreviews.com/manufacturers/rec-group" target="_blank" rel="noopener">REC Solar</a></td>
<td>REC Alpha Series 380AA</td>
<td>21.70%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a title="LG Reviews " href="https://www.solarreviews.com/manufacturers/lg-solar/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">LG Solar</a></td>
<td>High NeON R Module</td>
<td>21.70%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a title="Canadian Solar Reviews" href="https://www.solarreviews.com/manufacturers/canadian-solar" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Canadian Solar</a></td>
<td>HiDM-345MS</td>
<td>20.46%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a title="Panasonic reviews" href="https://www.solarreviews.com/manufacturers/panasonic-eco-solutions-north-america/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Panasonic HIT panels</a></td>
<td>N340 HIT</td>
<td>20.30%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

Do these ~20% panels cost $1milion a square inch? Absolutely not, that’s ridiculous. In the United States in 2019, the average rooftop installation cost $16,000 without any subsidies involved.
Ok but rooftop setups are dinky right? Well, a reasonable home roof setup in the States <a href="https://news.energysage.com/how-much-does-the-average-solar-panel-installation-cost-in-the-u-s/">might be able to generate 6,000 watts (6kW) of electricity</a>. For every one hour a 1kW solar panel has good sun, it’s generating 1 “kilowatt hour”, (1kWh).
Most of the States <a href="https://www.wholesalesolar.com/solar-information/sun-hours-us-map">get between 3.5 and 6 hours of peak sun a day</a>, so our average rooftop solar panel will be generating that full 6kW for, lets say, 5 hours.
Five hours a day, 365 days a year, would produce 1825 kWh. This is a low number, because they’ll still generate a bit outside those 5 hours, so let’s just round it to 2000. Let’s see how many homes it would take to match 63,000kWh that football field sized farm is trying to power? 63,000 kWh divided by 2000 kWh equals 32.
So back to price, 32 homes * $16,000 (average cost of a rooftop solar setup) and we’re looking at $512,000. Half a million to match the entire output of that “football solar park”, not the nonsense $1million per inch.
That town could have paid to install a few residents rooftop solar panels without needing to take up the space of a football field either.
There’s another important thing to point out if you’ve not seen the movie. For some reason the solar panels featured are old, floppy, “thin-film” panels also known as “Amorphous Silicon Solar Panels”. Their bendy nature makes them well suited for applications on curved surfaces, like the top of a train, or other places where a bulky panel wouldn’t fit. They’re a terrible choice for being put on racks like the solar park featured in this movie, but even those panels have an <a href="https://solarmagazine.com/solar-panels/">efficiency of 11-15% these days</a>.
Finally, do solar panels only last 10 years?
No.
<a href="https://www.engineering.com/DesignerEdge/DesignerEdgeArticles/ArticleID/7475/What-Is-the-Lifespan-of-a-Solar-Panel.aspx">Standard solar panels come with 20-25 year warranties</a>, so if this solar park only has a 10 year lifespan that adds more credence to the idea these panels were second hand.
There’s a few explanations for this section.
The footage is a decade or two old 
The solar park operators cheaped out, dusting off some junk old panels from some warehouse basement 
They consulted somebody to set the solar park up, who didn’t know anything about solar panels
Whatever the cause, the numbers do not hold up to 2020 standards by any means, which is awkward as this premise is used as a foundation for most of the rest of the movie.

Confusion: "100% Renewable" and "Off-Grid"

Another claim made throughout the film is that solar doesn’t work because it needs a grid connection for backup. Grid-tied solar is the most cost effective way to run solar panels because it’s using the entire grid like a giant battery. You put what solar into it that you can, put back any extra you have, and take out more if you need it.
When claims are made of being powered by “100% renewable” energy, like the Earth Day concert, <a href="https://www.apple.com/uk/newsroom/2018/04/apple-now-globally-powered-by-100-percent-renewable-energy/">Apple</a>, <a href="https://cloud.google.com/sustainability/">Google</a>, or Tesla, they are definitely still connected to the grid, and that is not inherently bad.
Take Apple as an example. All of their independent buildings around the world will not always have perfect sun conditions, but they can make sure they’re putting enough into various worldwide grids to cover the energy they’re taking out. Imagine the inefficiencies of Apple installing solar plants that are only connected to their buildings. How ridiculous would it be for every company to run their own plants, trail their own power cables past thousands of homes and factories, just to go directly into their office…
<blockquote>
The way ‘x% renewable energy’ works is companies look at how much energy they consume, and buy from the grid the same (or some percentage) quantity of energy sourced from renewables. The grid is one big pool with buckets of energy in and out. This is a revelation to the filmmakers, but a boring reality for anyone remotely familiar with the mechanics of electricity grids. – source: <a href="http://ketanjoshi.co/">ketanjoshi.co</a>
</blockquote>
You generate what solar energy you can on site, store what you have the capacity to store in batteries, then if you&#8217;re producing more than you need you can put that power back into the grid. If you&#8217;re not creating enough, you take that back from the grid.

Myth: Electric Cars are “Powered By Coal Anyway”

When the sales people are suddenly jumped with the question “where is the energy coming from to power this car” they flounder and take a few stabs at answering the question, but it’s hard to answer this sort of stuff is super nuanced.
A car can be charged in various places. Your home, which can be powered by 100% renewable electricity via providers like <a href="https://www.goodenergy.co.uk/">Good Energy</a> in the UK, at the supermarket, petrol stations, anywhere. Some of those might be using energy providers which are still powered by coal plants, so does that mean you might as well just drive a petrol car around?
No.
<blockquote>
[Scientists from the universities of Exeter, Nijmegen and Cambridge] found that in 53 out of 59 regions, comprising 95% of the world, electric vehicles and domestic heat pumps generate less carbon dioxide than fossil fuel powered cars or boilers. The only exceptions are heavily coal-dependent countries such as Poland.
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
In countries such as Sweden, which gets most of its electricity from renewable sources, and France, which is largely powered by nuclear power, *the CO2 savings from using electric cars reach as high as 70% over their conventional counterparts.
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
In the UK, the savings are about 30%. However, this is likely to improve further as electric vehicles grow even more efficient and more CO2 is taken out of the electricity generating system. – Source: <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/mar/23/electric-cars-produce-less-co2-than-petrol-vehicles-study-confirms">Guardian, “Electric cars produce less CO2 than petrol vehicles, study confirms”</a>, 2020
</blockquote>
We need to stop burning fossil fuels, but that’s harder to do when our motors literally contain combustion engines. Whilst car owners switch from fossil fuel to electric, the grid is also switching from fossil fuels to electric, so over time the exact same electric vehicle is causing fewer and fewer CO2 emissions. The same cannot be said for a conventional car. Hopefully we continue to transition towards renewable energy, but if enough policy makers are brainwashed by this movie then that could be at risk.
One legitimate problem raised in the movie is that electric cars require batteries which degrade over time. <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1682-5">Lithium batteries can be recycled</a>, and before needing to be stripped for their raw components they can actually be reused as storage at solar farms to help with maintaining a baseline load to the grid. Reuse is always better than recycling, and thankfully both are possible.
<blockquote>
When the battery packs in a lithium-ion-powered vehicle are deemed too worn out for driving, they still have up to 80 percent of their charge left. So before they ever get to a recycling center, these batteries are used to prop up the grid, especially alongside energy sources that may not be quite as steady, like wind or solar power. The batteries can store power to help the flow of electricity stay on an even keel rather than ebb and flow with the weather. – Source: <a href="https://auto.howstuffworks.com/can-electric-car-batteries-be-recycled.htm">How Stuff Works</a>
</blockquote>
I’m under no illusion that we can all swap our internal combustion engine cars (ICEs) for EVs overnight, but the UK grid can handle a much quicker transition than we’re seeing. With the development of Vehicle to Grid (V2G) technology, EV drivers can actually help balance the UK grid by providing energy from their vehicle batteries to the grid at times of peak demand.  This doesn’t change the fact that the grid still isn’t green enough. In the UK we’ve <a href="http://grid.iamkate.com/">averaged 25% renewables</a> (plus 20% low carbon, excluding biomass) for the last year. Governments worldwide need to increase spending on all sorts of site-relevant renewable energy projects, but we can help flatten this curve by simply not driving as much, or at all.
One part of the movie that is fully accepted by environmental scientists and climate activists is that there’s no magical silver bullet tech here, and we cannot just all switch cars for “green cars”, we need lifestyle changes too. For example, if your household has two fossil fuel cars, the ideal solution would be to sell them both, buy one electric car if a car is absolutely needed, or get into the car sharing economy with turo, cars2go, etc. The best bet is to switch to bicycles, and if that’s not viable due to physical limitations, <a href="https://ebiketips.road.cc/content/advice/buyers-guide/9-of-the-best-e-bikes-under-1000-2020-electric-bikes-on-a-budget-2209">electric bicycles</a>, or even an <a href="https://urbanebikes.com/collections/electric-motorbikes">electric motorbike</a>, instead of needing that electric car.

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<blockquote>
The mother of two uses this electric cargobike to take her children to school, go grocery shopping, and run her freelance photography business. “It can carry everything I need and go anywhere I need to go,” she says. “I also feel like we’re more part of the community, being out in the open where we can interact with the people around us.” – Source: <a href="https://blog.mozilla.org/firefox/metrofiets-cargo-bikes/">Mozilla,  Working for Good: Metrofiets Cargo Bikes</a>
</blockquote>
Fossil fuel bans are taking the worst offenders off the road (like the <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-bristol-50292596">diesel ban in Bristol</a>), but we need to drastically speed things up. Coronavirus is pushing this change forward, with hundreds of miles of bike lanes being set up across cities like <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/21/milan-seeks-to-prevent-post-crisis-return-of-traffic-pollution">Milan</a>, <a href="http://www.leparisien.fr/info-paris-ile-de-france-oise/transports/deconfinement-l-lle-de-france-investit-300-millions-d-euros-pour-la-realisation-du-rer-velo-21-04-2020-8303484.php">Paris</a>, and <a href="https://council.nyc.gov/press/2020/04/17/1939/">New York</a>, who are all keen to see less driving in general in their streets. Active transport with minimal EV usage is the way forward here, but EV’s aren’t inherently bad simply because some of their power comes from coal during the transition phase.

Myth: Solar / Renewable Has a “Huge” Carbon Footprint

An argument made over and over again throughout the movie is that solar panels and wind turbines are terrible because they require fossil fuel energy and minerals to create. Everything has a carbon footprint. The computer I’m writing on, the device you’re reading it on, the reusable coffee cup you’re drinking out of, and the <a href="https://ecologi.com/articles/climate-emergency/climate-change-by-bike">bike I’ve been riding around Europe on</a> advocating for climate action, all has a carbon footprint. The important question is: what are the “lifecycle emissions” of the item in question, and is there a net gain from its existence.
The concept of lifecycle emissions analysis is its own science, with people studying for years just to be able to analyze certain types of products, but let’s do a quick example with a topic close to my heart. A bicycle requires fewer emissions to create and ship than a car. Cycling around creates emissions (eating and breathing!) yet still creates fewer emissions than a car. Then, recycling a bicycle takes less energy than recycling the components in a car. Overall, the lifecycle emissions of a bicycle are a mere tiny fraction of the lifecycle emissions of a standard car.
The <a href="https://www.nrel.gov/analysis/life-cycle-assessment.html">National Renewable Energy Laboratory</a>, aggregated research into the full lifecycle of various energy sources, comparing the CO2 emissions per kilowatt-hour: an apples to apples comparison of how energy we get from each power source, compared to how much greenhouse gas was created to make it. See if you can notice a difference between renewable and fossil fuels.

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This graph is a little tough to read at first, because the graph collates a whole bunch of sources for each. You can see there are 46 estimates for Photovoltaics (solar), 36 for Concentrated Solar Power (another type of solar), and 126 for Wind. The rectangles show the minimum and maximum, with the black line in the middle being the median (average). Generally, even the maximum carbon footprint for any renewable energy places it well below the most efficient gas or coal plants.
So, is renewable energy completely free of fossil fuels? Certainly not, but claims of renewable energy being “worse than fossil fuels” are demonstrably false. Patently untrue. Just completely incorrect.
You can read more about this on <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/solar-wind-nuclear-amazingly-low-carbon-footprints">Carbon Brief: Solar, wind and nuclear have ‘amazingly low’ carbon footprints, study finds</a>.

One claim made in this movie was from a random chap being interviewed, talking about ‘mountain-top removal’ for wind. I had to Google for a long time to find any reference of. The best I could find was this:

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Mountaintop removal/valley fill is a mining practice where the tops of mountains are removed, exposing the seams of coal. Mountaintop removal can involve removing 500 feet or more of the summit to get at buried seams of coal. The earth from the mountaintop is then dumped in the neighbouring valleys. I’ve got friends who live in British Colombia, Canada, and they’ve pointed to gaps between two mountains where another mountain used to be. An entire mountain can be turned into a crater on the hunt for coal, and this is what that looks like:

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They’re not the same thing, and most wind farms do not require any logging. They’re placed in wide open spaces, or in the sea.
South Australia closed down its coal plant in 2016 and the state has, arguably, the country’s most reliable grid thanks to its battery storage. It is producing well in excess of 50 per cent of its electricity consumption from wind and solar, and <a href="https://reneweconomy.com.au/south-australia-could-reach-stunning-87-per-cent-wind-and-solar-in-four-years-11675/">could reach 87% in a few years</a>.
How could a country close its coal plants if it needed coal plants to always be running just in case the sun ran out or the wind stopped blowing?
Ah yes, batteries, the well known technology that the movie breezed past at a wonky rate. More batteries would help the renewable transition out a lot, but South Australia has managed to find enough to sustain a 50% renewable grid. Fingers crossed more regions and countries can catch up quick.

Population growth has been a huge problem for the planet. Of course 7.7 billion people are putting a bigger strain on the plant than the 300 million folks here 2000 years ago.
The population growth is slowing down, with the UN suggesting <a href="https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/population/world-population-prospects-2019.html">peak population will hit 11 billion in 2100</a>. From there, it’ll be going back down again. Those numbers are considered to be high by other sources, suggesting <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/27/what-goes-up-population-crisis-wrong-fertility-rates-decline">the human population will top out between 8 and 9 billion in 2040-2050</a>, but the narrator doesn’t mention any of that.
The focus on population control touches on a whole bunch of concerning problems, because many of the countries with growing populations are much poorer. I’m not going to get into here, but… it sounds a little racist. Most of the population growth is in countries where the average person does not have a huge carbon footprint, unlike, say, the USA <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/11/26/us-leads-greenhouse-gas-emissions-on-a-per-capita-basis-report-finds.html">which has one of the highest carbon footprints per-person</a>.
Either way, the best thing to do to support the number of people on the planet is to continue to switch away from land and carbon intensive diets, and continue to help provide educations in developing countries, help push women’s rights around the world, and focus on reducing the wasteful lifestyles of the people most responsible for carbon emissions.
Kenya’s average carbon footprint per person is 0.3 tonnes, and the average footprint in the US is 15 tonnes, and the UK is 10 tonnes. We don’t need to worry about Africa we need to sort things out at home.

Fact: Biomass Energy from Trees is Terrible

Various people were jumped on camera and asked to offer their position on a very nuanced topic: is biomass good or bad? Biomass is an umbrella term for “storing CO2 in biological matter” and “biomass energy” means “burning it to create electricity.”
At a very small scale, burning wood for fuel is technically carbon-neutral. If a tree falls in the forest, it will decompose, and that produces greenhouse gases (CO2 and methane). If you take it home and put it in your wood stove, it’ll release that CO2 through the process of burning instead. That checks out on paper, but of course giant power plants aren’t wandering around the woods carefully carrying small quantities of wood to a small burner. 
Most of us in the world of climate activism and environmental science absolutely agree on the negative impact of biomass power plants, and it’s devastating to see so many countries running with this as the way forward. 
Bill McKibben (the movie “baddie”): <a href="https://grist.org/climate-energy/burning-trees-for-electricity-is-a-bad-idea/">Burning Trees for Electricity is a Bad Idea</a>, 2016 
<a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/ccc-uk-should-move-away-from-large-scale-biomass-burning">Carbon Brief: UK should ‘move away’ from large-scale biomass burning</a>, 2018 
<a href="https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/features/biomass-power-europe-coal-deforestation/">Europe urged to end coal-to-biomass subsidies over deforestation concerns</a>, 2019 
Of course, forests are not the only fuel source for a biomass energy plant, they’re just the biggest. The problem with biomass is not the idea, or that anyone ever supported it, it’s the unexpected size of the projects. <a href="https://www.drawdown.org/">Project Drawdown</a> words this rather well.
<blockquote>
Biomass energy is a “bridge” solution—one that can help the world transition from fossil-fuel power to 100 percent clean, renewable energy. Until energy storage grows and the grid becomes more flexible, it can help meet electricity demand, complementing variable wind and solar power. 
Biomass energy is a true solution only if it uses appropriate feedstock, such as waste from mills and agriculture or sustainably grown perennial crops. Using annual grain crops like corn and sorghum depletes groundwater and requires higher inputs of energy. Using native forests is nothing less than an atrocity. – source <a href="https://www.drawdown.org/solutions/biomass-power">projectdrawdown.org</a>
</blockquote>
Biomass energy was meant to be a bridge solution, not one that would continue to be invested in by major countries for decades. Converting coal plants to biomass is an expensive waste of money. Yay the coal plant is gone, but for the money spent, solar would have been a drastically better investment. Thankfully, in the UK <a href="https://www.biomass-uk.org/">biomass is only ~5% of our energy supply</a>, and I’d love to see that drop off. 
The movie, at one point, claims that Germany gets more electricity from biomass than wind and solar, but that’s not at all true. 
Biomass: 45.48 TWh 
Wind: 127.23 TWh 
Solar: 46.54 TWh 
Check the source yourself on <a href="https://energy-charts.de/energy.htm?source=all-sources&amp;period=annual&amp;year=all">energy-charts.de</a>, it’s a fraction of the overall energy use.
Ecologi hashave supported several two <a href="https://www.goldstandard.org/">Gold Standard</a> or <a href="https://verra.org/project/vcs-program/">Verified Carbon Standard</a>-backed biomass energy projects, including projects in <a href="https://ecologi.com/projects/biomass-power-project-raipur-india">India</a> and <a href="https://ecologi.com/projects/biomass-energy-generation-in-xinjiang-china">China</a> which burn rice husks, bark, dung, and other farm waste. They are smaller and designed to help rural communities which don’t have any alternatives, and clearly state their intentions to burn primarily farm waste on the Gold Standard and Verified Carbon Standard reports.
Biomass can also mean cutting down trees to build wood framed homes, which would effectively store the carbon away for decades, and compared to cement production, the footprint is far lower. In order to have enough trees to support this and to continue net growth in woodland, we need to be dedicating far more land to sustainable forest management. If we follow the UN advice of <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02409-7">cutting our meat intake by 50%</a> (which would massively reduce greenhouse gases), we’ll have far more land for farmers to switch from beef to wood plantations, and we can drastically increase the amount of wood used for construction.
<blockquote>Shifting to a diet rich in plants is a demand-side solution to global warming that runs counter to the meat-centric Western diet on the rise globally. That diet comes with a steep climate price tag: one-fifth of global emissions. If cattle were their own nation, they would be the world’s third-largest emitter of greenhouse gases. – Source: <a href="https://drawdown.org/solutions/plant-rich-diets">Project Drawdown</a></blockquote>

The director is taking a very real issue, corporate greenwashing, and using it to make a dangerous argument. We’re all on the same team &#8211; nobody wants greenwashing. Let’s not throw out the baby with the bathwater.
Loads of major banks are “eager to get involved” or eager to look like they’re getting involved, but really they’re funnelling trillions of dollars into the fossil fuel industry. $1.9 trillion was invested from major banks around the world in 2019.

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Bill McKibben, the chap who was attacked throughout the movie, is one of the folks behind <a href="https://www.stopthemoneypipeline.com/">Stop the Money Pipeline</a>, which is trying to raise awareness for the importance of divesting from these major banks.
I’ve put together a bunch of resources for <a href="https://protect.earth/finance/">climate-friendly financial options</a> for those in the US, UK, and Europe, and I’d love help expanding this out globally.
Money works in mysterious ways. What if I told you big oil and energy companies spent 3.3 billion dollars on renewable energy in 2018? I’m surprised the movie didn’t mention this, I’m sure they’d use it to suggest renewable energy is a sham, and that clearly the big oil companies are benefiting from it.
The same information presented another way?
<blockquote>
Top oil and gas companies jointly spent 1.3% percent of their 2018 budgets on clean energy. – Source: <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-oil-renewables/big-oil-spent-1-percent-on-green-energy-in-2018-idUSKCN1NH004">Reuters</a>
</blockquote>
Ah, right, so… probably not some sort of evil scam, just “business as usual” from the companies shredding the natural resources of the world at our expense.
We need everyone, even big corporations, to invest in appropriate renewable energy, so let’s be vocal about how small their renewable energy investments are, and demand that they do better now.

The movie mixes some facts with a lot of fiction backed with outdated and false data to make the dangerous argument that renewable energy is inherently bad, and that the leaders of climate activism cannot be trusted. This is making people question climate action in general, which is only going to damage the entire movement.
Emily Atkin, author of the excellent newsletter <a href="https://heated.world/">Heated</a> puts it best:
<blockquote>
Planet of the Humans reminded me of an argumentative essay from a lazy college freshman—as if, after a few hours of studying, he realized there wasn’t enough evidence to support the argument he chose for the assignment. But he was so wedded to the original idea, and didn’t want to waste the hours of work he did, so he overcompensated by being an overly aggressive narrator instead of starting over with a new argument. – Source: <a href="https://heated.world/p/really-michael-moore">Heated</a>, Emily Atkin, ”Really? Micheal Moore?” 
If you’re not convinced then there are more than a few other reviews and explanations of the movie from subject matter experts.
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li class="has-line-data" data-line-start="6" data-line-end="7"><a href="https://ketanjoshi.co/2020/04/24/planet-of-the-humans-a-reheated-mess-of-lazy-old-myths/">Planet of the humans: A reheated mess of lazy, old myths</a>, Ketan Joshi</li>
<li class="has-line-data" data-line-start="7" data-line-end="8"><a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/4/28/21238597/michael-moore-planet-of-the-humans-climate-change">Michael Moore produced a film about climate change that’s a gift to Big Oil</a>, Leah Stokes</li>
<li class="has-line-data" data-line-start="8" data-line-end="9"><a href="https://cleantechnica.com/2020/05/04/michael-moores-planet-of-the-humans-traffics-in-myths-errors-dangerous-misdirection/">“Planet of the Humans” Is Full Of Myths, Errors, &amp; Dangerous Misdirection</a>, <a href="https://cleantechnica.com/">Clean Technica</a></li>
<li class="has-line-data" data-line-start="9" data-line-end="10"><a href="https://benwehrman.com/planet-of-the-humans-disaster/">6 Reasons Why “Planet of the Humans” is a Disaster of Misinformation</a>, Ben Wehrman</li>
<li class="has-line-data" data-line-start="10" data-line-end="11"><a href="https://medium.com/@btincq/10-reasons-planet-of-the-humans-gets-everything-wrong-on-climate-and-energy-400f04b3b2ee">10 Reasons « Planet of the Humans » Gets Everything Wrong on Climate</a>, <a href="https://medium.com/@btincq?source=post_page-----400f04b3b2ee----------------------">Benjamin Tincq</a></li>
<li class="has-line-data" data-line-start="11" data-line-end="12"><a href="https://www.ecoequity.org/2020/04/why-the-planet-of-the-humans-is-crap/">Why “Planet of the Humans” is crap</a>, <a href="https://www.ecoequity.org/author/tomaecoequity-org/">Tom Athanasiou</a>, <a href="https://www.ecoequity.org/">EcoEquity</a></li>
<li class="has-line-data" data-line-start="12" data-line-end="13">_Planet of the Humans _Comes This Close to Actually Getting the Real Problem, Then Goes Full Ecofascism](<a href="https://earther.gizmodo.com/planet-of-the-humans-comes-this-close-to-actually-getti-1843024329">https://earther.gizmodo.com/planet-of-the-humans-comes-this-close-to-actually-getti-1843024329</a>), Brian Kahn, <a href="https://earther.gizmodo.com/">Gizmondo</a></li>
<li class="has-line-data" data-line-start="13" data-line-end="14"><a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/environment/planet-humans-film-moore/">Meet the New Flack for Oil and Gas: Michael Moore</a>, Josh Fox, The Nation</li>
<li class="has-line-data" data-line-start="14" data-line-end="15"><a href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/29042020/inside-clean-energy-michael-moore-planet-of-the-humans-review">Inside Clean Energy: 6 Things Michael Moore’s ‘Planet of the Humans’ Gets Wrong</a>, Dan Gearino, <a href="https://insideclimatenews.org/">Inside Climate News</a></li>
<li class="has-line-data" data-line-start="15" data-line-end="16"><a href="https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/political-commentary/bill-mckibben-climate-movement-michael-moore-993073/">A Bomb in the Center of the Climate Movement’: Michael Moore Damages Our Most Important Goal</a>, Bill McKibben, Rolling Stone</li>
<li class="has-line-data" data-line-start="16" data-line-end="17"><a href="https://blog.ucsusa.org/john-rogers/movie-review-michael-moores-planet-of-the-humans-traffics-in-myths-errors-and-dangerous-misdirection">POTH Traffics in Myths, Errors, and Dangerous Misdirection</a>, John Rogers, Union of Concerned Scientists</li>
</ul>
Main image credit: Rumble Media
&nbsp;
<a href="https://ecologi.com/plan">Sign up to Ecologi</a> today to start taking meaningful climate action!

Blog

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UK Voluntary Carbon Market Guide: Best Practices for Climate Action

The voluntary carbon market plays an important role in corporate climate strategies – but its effectiveness relies on buyers doing due diligence and rigorous quality assessment on each project, as well as placing the purchase of credits in the right place in the climate journey.
To ensure meaningful climate impact, businesses must develop a comprehensive carbon strategy and find ways to fund only high-quality credits in the voluntary carbon market – and this guide shows you how to do so with Ecologi.

<h2>Table of contents</h2>
<ul>
<li>When to buy carbon credits</li>
<li>Our new carbon projects assessment framework</li>
<li>Ecologi&#8217;s core due diligence principles</li>
<li>How Ecologi scores and ranks carbon credit projects</li>
<li>Questions to ask your carbon credit supplier</li>
<li>Take action in the voluntary carbon market</li>
</ul>

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<h2>When should businesses buy carbon credits in the voluntary market?</h2>
Businesses must not use credits in place of making direct, measurable reductions in their emissions. Instead, follow these steps to ensure you buy your carbon credits on the right step of your corporate climate action journey, and in the right way:
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Measure your emissions first – to allow you to understand where your business’s emissions are coming from. 
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Set science-based targets and work towards them – set ambitious targets aligned with the SBTi and compatible with the global 1.5ºC warming target.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Beyond value chain mitigation (BVCM) – design your BVCM portfolio to work alongside your decarbonisation plan and address your unabated emissions in each reporting year. Align it with SBTi guidance and the Oxford Principles. </li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Buy high-quality carbon credits – use this guide to ensure the carbon credits you buy meet rigorous quality standards. Remember, under the SBTi framework you’ll also need permanent carbon removal credits for neutralising your residual emissions when you reach your net-zero date.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Disclose and report transparently – publicly disclose information about your carbon credit purchases, and clearly communicate the limited role of carbon credits in your broader sustainability strategy.</li>
</ol>

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<h2>Ecologi&#8217;s carbon project assessment framework</h2>
In April 2025, we published a report summarising how we assess carbon credit projects against our rigorous proprietary rubric. A snapshot of what goes into our carbon credit project assessment is below, or you <a href="https://cms-assets.offset.earth/app/uploads/20250428124112/Ecologi_Whitepaper_A4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">download the full whitepaper here</a>.

<h2>Carbon project due diligence: Ecologi’s core principles</h2>
At Ecologi, we maintain general due diligence principles which we apply universally across the voluntary carbon market, to support our efforts to supply only high-quality carbon credits.
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">ICROA-endorsed standards only – we supply credits exclusively from carbon standards which are ICROA-endorsed.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Responsive to ICVCM decisions – we support the ICVCM’s two-tick approach to providing CCP-Approval to project methodologies, and we go further still, to assess individual projects on their merits and limitations as well.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Keep the carbon credit life cycle as short as possible – 75% of our credits in 2024 came directly from project developers and their nominated dispensaries (as opposed to intermediaries on the secondary market), maximising the proportion of purchase price which goes to the developer.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Locally-appropriate projects only – we take care to ensure that supported projects are being applied in appropriate geographies, where they can have the greatest impact.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Deep project-level scrutiny – our extensive assessment criteria are specific to each type of project, and we assess every project against these criteria, ensuring the project’s specifics have been taken into account.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Methodological consensus – we synthesise data we receive from our partners Sylvera, BeZero Carbon, Calyx Global and Renoster) with our own in-house analysis to uncover where there is consensus about project quality, and improve confidence.</li>
</ul>

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<h2>How to evaluate carbon credits: Ecologi&#8217;s scoring methodology</h2>
We designed a three-layer assessment process which takes into account the merits and limitations of the carbon standard used, the carbon credit methodology used, and of the individual project design.
The tables below summarise some of the data inputs we use at each stage.

<h3>Assessment level: Carbon Standard</h3>
Examples: Gold Standard, Verra, Puro Earth, Isometric, Plan Vivo.

<h3>Assessment level: Methodology (or ‘Protocol’)</h3>
Examples: GS TPDDTEC, VM0048, ACM0002.

<h3>Assessment level: Project</h3>
Examples: GS 10790, VCS 1571.

Criteria in the assessment are categorised as either quality criteria or risk criteria, and are segmented by our three pillars of impact: Climate, Nature and People. Based on how it meets each criterion, the project gains points for quality criteria, and loses points for excess risk – ultimately giving a risk-adjusted value out of 100 for each of these pillars.
Having gathered our risk-adjusted pillar scores, we use our own unique scoring formula which weights the risk-adjusted Climate score of the project equally with the combined risk-adjusted Nature and People scores. The formula then produces an ‘overall’ score (also out of 100) for the project. In order to be supplied by Ecologi, projects must meet a minimum overall score of 80, and must achieve no lower than 65 in any given risk-adjusted pillar score.

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<h2>Key questions to ask carbon credit suppliers</h2>
Selecting the right carbon credit provider is important to help guide you to make informed choices as part of your corporate sustainability strategy. Before purchasing carbon credits, businesses should ask:
<h3>Project quality </h3>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Do you assess/validate/underwrite project quality? If so, how?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Do your projects get good ratings from the ratings agencies? If so, what ratings are they?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Do you source credits directly from project developers, or from the secondary market?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Do you monitor projects over time to ensure continued success, and how do you remedy it, if a project&#8217;s quality drops?</li>
</ul>
<h3>Due diligence</h3>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">How do you ensure you are supporting the right projects in the right locations?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">How do you account for project permanence and mitigate risks?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">What makes your projects additional?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">How do you assess the project&#8217;s impacts on climate, nature and people?</li>
</ul>
<h3>Positioning</h3>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">How do you contribute to the development of a high integrity voluntary carbon market?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Do you align your portfolios with the Oxford Principles? If so, how?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">How do you reflect ICVCM guidance on carbon credit methodologies and technologies?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Do you build multi-year portfolios that align to mid- &amp; long-term SBTs?</li>
</ul>
As the voluntary carbon market evolves, corporate buyers have the power and the responsibility to demand high-impact credits to drive real climate progress. This means buyers have a responsibility to do due diligence before placing an order for carbon credits.

<h2>Take action in the voluntary carbon market</h2>
As a business committed to corporate climate action, understanding the voluntary carbon market is essential for making informed decisions about carbon credits. Our comprehensive whitepaper provides deeper insights into creating an effective sustainability strategy.
<a href="https://cms-assets.offset.earth/app/uploads/20250428124112/Ecologi_Whitepaper_A4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Download our full whitepaper</a> to learn how your business can navigate the voluntary carbon market with confidence.

<h2>Connect with one of our climate experts</h2>
Please complete our form to arrange a 30-minute discovery call to discuss your goals and get a tailored solution for your business.

Connect with one of our climate experts

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Hopescrolling: The Good News timeline

It’s not all bad. While there’s a lot of negative news about the climate, let’s not forget the good stuff. Find climate wins, reasons to be hopeful and plenty of positivity in our good news timeline.

The good news timeline

Ready to make a difference for our planet? Get in touch, and let’s chat about how we can help you on your climate journey. 

Impact Reports

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Ecologi Impact Report 2024

Each year, we publish our Impact Report to share the tangible difference our community has helped create. Our 2024 report not only highlights the progress of the projects the Ecologi community has supported over the past twelve months, it also includes, for the first time, our own greenhouse gas inventory and emissions management plan.
You can read the full report below, or stay with us here for a quick snapshot of the most impactful numbers and milestones from last year.

<h3>Read the full 2024 Impact Report</h3>
<div class="ecologi-video-full-width"><iframe src="https://cms-assets.offset.earth/app/uploads/20250422095731/Ecologi_Impact_Report_2024_-1.pdf" width="595" height="1100" frameborder="0"></iframe></div>
<div></div>

<h2>87 million trees funded to date</h2>
In 2024, the Ecologi community funded 9.97 million trees through reforestation projects across 13 countries and 5 continents, bringing our all-time total to over 87 million trees.
We worked with 10 dedicated partners – including two recognised as UN World Restoration Flagships, Acción Andina and Trees for the Future &#8211; to restore degraded and threatened forests. These projects not only support climate resilience and biodiversity, but also positively contribute to over 47,800 livelihoods around the world.

<h2>19,500 m2 wildflower, wetlands and wildlife habitat funded for restoration in 2024</h2>
From the peatlands of the Isle of Skye to the slopes of Dumyat, our dedicated <a href="https://ecologi.com/impact-shop/support-wildflowers-wetlands-and-wildlife" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Wildflower, Wetlands and Wildlife</a> restoration project supported community-led efforts to revive native ecosystems and protect biodiversity. 
At the Uigshader Living Forest Project, once a commercial timber site, native trees planted with Ecologi funding are thriving with signs of natural regeneration and native species, such as the eared willow (Salix aurita) returning. 
Meanwhile, at Dumyat, the reintroduction of wildflowers and targeted restoration work has already made a visible impact. Rare species are returning, including the Northern Brown Argus (Aricia artaxerxes) which was spotted close to the site after a century-long absence, and the Sticky Catchfly (Viscaria vulgaris), one of the UK’s rarest plants, now flourishing thanks to restoration efforts.
This work wouldn’t be possible without our project partner, the Future Forest Company, and the continued support of our community. Together, we can restore habitats, protect vulnerable species, and drive forward nature-based solutions that are critical in our fight against climate change.

<h2>548,200 tCO2e emissions avoidance funded in 2024</h2>
Last year, the Ecologi community prevented over 560,000 tonnes of carbon emissions through a diverse portfolio of high-impact projects.
This includes more than 179,000 tonnes through landfill gas capture initiatives &#8211; some of the first globally to receive the new CCP-Approved label from the Integrity Council for the Voluntary Carbon Market.
Ecologi also funded over 330,000 tonnes of emissions avoidance through nature-based forest protection projects across Brazil, Colombia, and Indonesia, helping safeguard tropical peatlands and biodiversity hotspots while preserving vital carbon stores. An additional 53,000 tonnes of emissions were avoided through community-based initiatives, including fuel-efficient cookstove projects in Uganda and Kenya. These efforts reduce deforestation and pollution and deliver meaningful health and social outcomes.

<h2>21,200 tCO2 carbon dioxide removal funded in 2024</h2>
Carbon removal remains one of the most emerging areas in the voluntary carbon market, with innovative technologies still scaling and costs remaining high. Despite these challenges, the Ecologi community funded over 21,000 tonnes of carbon removal in 2024, helping to accelerate progress in this vital area of climate action.
One such initiative is Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW), a nature-based solution developed by our partner UNDO. This process involves spreading finely crushed silicate rock, such as basalt, onto agricultural land, where it reacts with CO₂ in the atmosphere and locks it away for centuries.
Since launching ERW projects in July 2024, our community has funded 105 tonnes of carbon removal through this method. With the potential to remove billions of tonnes of CO₂ annually, Enhanced Rock Weathering represents an exciting step forward in the race to scale durable, science-backed carbon removal.

<h2>Our Greenhouse Gas Inventory </h2>
As part of our commitment to transparency and accountability, we’ve completed our greenhouse gas inventory for the past two years. In 2023, our total emissions were 1,993.37 tCO₂e, and 1,584.65 tCO₂e in 2024 
Whilst not common practice in our industry, we’ve chosen to include the emissions from our impact projects &#8211; both those that generate carbon credits, and those that don&#8217;t into our Scope 3 reporting, despite the challenges in quantifying them accurately. These projects play a central role in our business, and we believe in taking responsibility to try our best to estimate these emissions, rather than omitting them entirely. By using a spend-based methodology, we are taking a transparent step towards capturing the full impact of our operations, even if the current approach has its limitations, particularly around the use of financial proxies. 
Within our reporting, this remains our biggest area of uncertainty and will be a key area of focus moving forwards, with a primary objective to transition to the activity-based methodology whereby primary data can be applied. 
This inventory forms the foundation of our emissions management plan, helping us track progress and identify areas for continued reduction across our operations. To learn more about our approach to preparing our inventory and how we plan to focus on the betterment of data collection in the future, to reduce our reliance on assumptions and proxies, click the link below.

<h2>Read more stats and stories in our full Impact Report</h2>
This blog offers just a snapshot of what we’ve accomplished over the past 12 months. To explore the full picture, including detailed insights, impact data, and stories from the projects we’ve supported, dive into the full Impact Report which you can view <a href="https://cms-assets.offset.earth/app/uploads/20250422095731/Ecologi_Impact_Report_2024_-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>.

<h2>Ready to take the lead in climate action?</h2>
Fill in the form below to book a 30 minute discovery call with our climate experts and find out more about working with Ecologi to measure your emissions, set reduction goals and fund high-quality climate action.

Picking apart Michael Moore’s The Planet of the Humans

Myth: Solar Power Is Inefficient

Confusion: "100% Renewable" and "Off-Grid"

Myth: Electric Cars are “Powered By Coal Anyway”

Myth: Solar / Renewable Has a “Huge” Carbon Footprint

Myth: Wind Requires Mountain Top Removal

Population

Fact: Biomass Energy from Trees is Terrible

Myth: Banks Support Green Energy

Summary

More posts

UK Voluntary Carbon Market Guide: Best Practices for Corporate Climate Action

Hopescrolling: The Good News timeline

Impact Report 2024: A year of impact for our planet

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