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The hidden impact of film and TV production.

The magic of film and TV is that it can take you away to another time and place. But while you’re lost in the onscreen world it’s easy to forget that show was made in our own, real world. It’s only when the credits roll that we stop and consider the impact that spectacle might have had.

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We all know that film and TV productions cost a small fortune to make, but the hidden cost to the environment can be just as heavy. Just one single hour of television production in the UK creates <a href="https://www.tvbeurope.com/production-post/albert-average-hour-of-tv-contributes-5-7t-co2e-per-hour" target="_blank" rel="noopener">5.7 tonnes of CO2e</a>, while a big-budget Hollywood movie will produce around <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/sep/02/bfi-study-calls-on-film-industry-to-urgently-reduce-emissions" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2,840 tonnes</a> of CO2 during its production. 
Just creating one single soundstage can cause <a href="https://www.cbd.int/article/film-industry-and-sustainability#:~:text=Indirect%20effects%20of%20the%20film,according%20to%20research%20from%20UCLA." target="_blank" rel="noopener">4,000 hectares</a> of deforestation. That’s because the lightweight plywood used is often unsustainably taken from rainforests. Then you consider the emissions that come from flying cast and crew all around the world to scout locations and film scenes (<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/sep/02/bfi-study-calls-on-film-industry-to-urgently-reduce-emissions" target="_blank" rel="noopener">around half</a> of a film’s emissions are related to transport), the energy consumed by the equipment and trailers left running all day (often run on diesel generators), and the food waste that inevitably comes from feeding the whole team all day during long shoots. 
Sometimes films even leave a scar on the natural land itself. The production of Mad Max: Fury Road (2015) was reported to have <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/05/mad-max-fury-road-namibia" target="_blank" rel="noopener">left tire marks</a> all over an area of unblemished and fragile desert landscape in Namibia, while also harming rare cacti and lizard habitats. And the production crew for Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017) were accused of illegally <a href="https://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/claims-pirates-of-the-caribbean-production-tipping-toxic-waste-into-gold-coast-creek/news-story/f779bab0fb9429cdcc55bb93e4212e9a" target="_blank" rel="noopener">spilling chemical waste</a> into a Gold Coast creek in Australia.
And all this is before we get into the later stages of a film’s life-cycle. Streaming online video alone produced <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/sep/02/bfi-study-calls-on-film-industry-to-urgently-reduce-emissions" target="_blank" rel="noopener">300m tonnes</a> of CO2 in 2018, which was around the national output of Spain that year.

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The screen industry plays an important role in broadening horizons, changing perspectives and opening up conversations in society. Plus, it brings countless joy into many lives. So the solution isn’t to halt production altogether. But the industry does need to find ways to create great content that people love to watch, in a way that doesn’t damage the real world.  
Things are moving in the right direction. In recent years we have seen a shift to more environmentally-conscious production. Some of Hollywood’s most influential production companies including Netflix, Disney and Sony Pictures, have established the <a href="https://www.greenproductionguide.com/who-we-are/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Green Production Guide</a> to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint and environmental impact.
Many film productions also currently employ eco-consultants to try and make sure things on set are as green as possible, for example by recycling production materials. The €2m <a href="https://projects2014-2020.interregeurope.eu/greenscreen/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">European Green Screen initiative</a> also set out to provide advice on best practice in this space, though has stopped short of measuring the footprint of continental film production.
Here in the UK, since 2011 BAFTA has supported the film and television industry through <a href="https://wearealbert.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">albert</a>, the leading screen industry organisation for environmental sustainability. Albert, which is owned by BAFTA, helps the industry to reduce the environmental impacts of production and create content that shares a vision of a sustainable future.

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albert-certification is a requirement for any production company working for BBC, ITV, Channel 4, UKTV, Sky, TG4 or Netflix. To get certified, the company must use albert’s tools and resources to calculate their footprint, and then take actions to reduce their emissions as far as possible. albert’s new Creative Offsets scheme takes things a step further by helping Film and TV productions offset any remaining emissions they can’t reduce.
We’re delighted to have been chosen as <a href="https://ecologi.com/articles/blog/case-study-bafta-albert" target="_blank" rel="noopener">albert’s official partner</a> to deliver their Creative Offsets scheme for two years, starting from 1 August 2022. To reach <a href="https://ecologi.com/business/zero" target="_blank" rel="noopener">net-zero</a> it’s crucial that the industry reduces as much of their greenhouse gas emissions as possible and then offsets the remainder. So this scheme is a vital part of albert’s overarching mission.
This is a big win for the industry, as albert supports over 12,000 TV and film productions both on and off the screen to be more sustainable. Productions that have already been offset include season six of ITV’s Love Island Aftersun, the Women’s Euros 2022, Changing Rooms, The Chase Celebrity Specials Series 12 and the ITV British Soap Awards 2022. Our partnership is expected to reduce around 100,000 tonnes of unavoidable carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e) over two years. 
Interested in reading more about our partnership with albert? Read our case study <a href="https://ecologi.com/articles/blog/case-study-bafta-albert" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>.
You can find out more about our carbon offsetting service <a href="http://ecologi.com/business/marketplace" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>.

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UK Voluntary Carbon Market Guide: Best Practices for Climate Action

The voluntary carbon market plays an important role in corporate climate strategies – but its effectiveness relies on buyers doing due diligence and rigorous quality assessment on each project, as well as placing the purchase of credits in the right place in the climate journey.
To ensure meaningful climate impact, businesses must develop a comprehensive carbon strategy and find ways to fund only high-quality credits in the voluntary carbon market – and this guide shows you how to do so with Ecologi.

<h2>Table of contents</h2>
<ul>
<li>When to buy carbon credits</li>
<li>Our new carbon projects assessment framework</li>
<li>Ecologi&#8217;s core due diligence principles</li>
<li>How Ecologi scores and ranks carbon credit projects</li>
<li>Questions to ask your carbon credit supplier</li>
<li>Take action in the voluntary carbon market</li>
</ul>

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<h2>When should businesses buy carbon credits in the voluntary market?</h2>
Businesses must not use credits in place of making direct, measurable reductions in their emissions. Instead, follow these steps to ensure you buy your carbon credits on the right step of your corporate climate action journey, and in the right way:
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Measure your emissions first – to allow you to understand where your business’s emissions are coming from. 
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Set science-based targets and work towards them – set ambitious targets aligned with the SBTi and compatible with the global 1.5ºC warming target.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Beyond value chain mitigation (BVCM) – design your BVCM portfolio to work alongside your decarbonisation plan and address your unabated emissions in each reporting year. Align it with SBTi guidance and the Oxford Principles. </li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Buy high-quality carbon credits – use this guide to ensure the carbon credits you buy meet rigorous quality standards. Remember, under the SBTi framework you’ll also need permanent carbon removal credits for neutralising your residual emissions when you reach your net-zero date.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Disclose and report transparently – publicly disclose information about your carbon credit purchases, and clearly communicate the limited role of carbon credits in your broader sustainability strategy.</li>
</ol>

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<h2>Ecologi&#8217;s carbon project assessment framework</h2>
In April 2025, we published a report summarising how we assess carbon credit projects against our rigorous proprietary rubric. A snapshot of what goes into our carbon credit project assessment is below, or you <a href="https://cms-assets.offset.earth/app/uploads/20250428124112/Ecologi_Whitepaper_A4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">download the full whitepaper here</a>.

<h2>Carbon project due diligence: Ecologi’s core principles</h2>
At Ecologi, we maintain general due diligence principles which we apply universally across the voluntary carbon market, to support our efforts to supply only high-quality carbon credits.
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">ICROA-endorsed standards only – we supply credits exclusively from carbon standards which are ICROA-endorsed.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Responsive to ICVCM decisions – we support the ICVCM’s two-tick approach to providing CCP-Approval to project methodologies, and we go further still, to assess individual projects on their merits and limitations as well.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Keep the carbon credit life cycle as short as possible – 75% of our credits in 2024 came directly from project developers and their nominated dispensaries (as opposed to intermediaries on the secondary market), maximising the proportion of purchase price which goes to the developer.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Locally-appropriate projects only – we take care to ensure that supported projects are being applied in appropriate geographies, where they can have the greatest impact.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Deep project-level scrutiny – our extensive assessment criteria are specific to each type of project, and we assess every project against these criteria, ensuring the project’s specifics have been taken into account.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Methodological consensus – we synthesise data we receive from our partners Sylvera, BeZero Carbon, Calyx Global and Renoster) with our own in-house analysis to uncover where there is consensus about project quality, and improve confidence.</li>
</ul>

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<h2>How to evaluate carbon credits: Ecologi&#8217;s scoring methodology</h2>
We designed a three-layer assessment process which takes into account the merits and limitations of the carbon standard used, the carbon credit methodology used, and of the individual project design.
The tables below summarise some of the data inputs we use at each stage.

<h3>Assessment level: Carbon Standard</h3>
Examples: Gold Standard, Verra, Puro Earth, Isometric, Plan Vivo.

<h3>Assessment level: Methodology (or ‘Protocol’)</h3>
Examples: GS TPDDTEC, VM0048, ACM0002.

<h3>Assessment level: Project</h3>
Examples: GS 10790, VCS 1571.

Criteria in the assessment are categorised as either quality criteria or risk criteria, and are segmented by our three pillars of impact: Climate, Nature and People. Based on how it meets each criterion, the project gains points for quality criteria, and loses points for excess risk – ultimately giving a risk-adjusted value out of 100 for each of these pillars.
Having gathered our risk-adjusted pillar scores, we use our own unique scoring formula which weights the risk-adjusted Climate score of the project equally with the combined risk-adjusted Nature and People scores. The formula then produces an ‘overall’ score (also out of 100) for the project. In order to be supplied by Ecologi, projects must meet a minimum overall score of 80, and must achieve no lower than 65 in any given risk-adjusted pillar score.

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<h2>Key questions to ask carbon credit suppliers</h2>
Selecting the right carbon credit provider is important to help guide you to make informed choices as part of your corporate sustainability strategy. Before purchasing carbon credits, businesses should ask:
<h3>Project quality </h3>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Do you assess/validate/underwrite project quality? If so, how?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Do your projects get good ratings from the ratings agencies? If so, what ratings are they?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Do you source credits directly from project developers, or from the secondary market?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Do you monitor projects over time to ensure continued success, and how do you remedy it, if a project&#8217;s quality drops?</li>
</ul>
<h3>Due diligence</h3>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">How do you ensure you are supporting the right projects in the right locations?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">How do you account for project permanence and mitigate risks?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">What makes your projects additional?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">How do you assess the project&#8217;s impacts on climate, nature and people?</li>
</ul>
<h3>Positioning</h3>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">How do you contribute to the development of a high integrity voluntary carbon market?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Do you align your portfolios with the Oxford Principles? If so, how?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">How do you reflect ICVCM guidance on carbon credit methodologies and technologies?</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Do you build multi-year portfolios that align to mid- &amp; long-term SBTs?</li>
</ul>
As the voluntary carbon market evolves, corporate buyers have the power and the responsibility to demand high-impact credits to drive real climate progress. This means buyers have a responsibility to do due diligence before placing an order for carbon credits.

<h2>Take action in the voluntary carbon market</h2>
As a business committed to corporate climate action, understanding the voluntary carbon market is essential for making informed decisions about carbon credits. Our comprehensive whitepaper provides deeper insights into creating an effective sustainability strategy.
<a href="https://cms-assets.offset.earth/app/uploads/20250428124112/Ecologi_Whitepaper_A4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Download our full whitepaper</a> to learn how your business can navigate the voluntary carbon market with confidence.

<h2>Connect with one of our climate experts</h2>
Please complete our form to arrange a 30-minute discovery call to discuss your goals and get a tailored solution for your business.

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