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What happened at COP27?

Learn about the most significant outcomes and commitments made at the 27th UN Climate Change Conference in 2022 with this COP27 recap. 
In this guide, we’ll cover:
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="#whatwascop27">What was COP27?</a></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="#wherewascop27">Where was COP27?</a></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="#whatdoescop27">What does COP27 stand for?</a></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="#whathappenedcop27">A summary of what happened at COP27</a></li>
</ul>

In summary, COP is the biggest global conversation on the climate, and it happens every year. Somewhat confusingly, COP is also the name of the main decision-making body of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). 
So what’s the UNFCCC? That’s the major international agreement between 197 UN Parties to address climate change. It was adopted in 1992 at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and entered into force in 1994. The main objective of the UNFCCC is to stabilise greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that prevents dangerous human interference with the climate system.
So when the decision-making body of the UNFCCC comes together each year, the event is called a ‘COP’, and it creates a forum for our global leaders (both government and non-government) to meet and discuss the state of play. It’s the big moment in the year to assess the impact of the existing measures introduced to limit climate change, and propose new ones. Last year’s COP27 took place from 6 – 18 November 2022 at Sharm El Sheikh in Egypt.

Last year’s COP27 was held at Sharm El Sheikh in Egypt between 6 to 18 November 2022

When the UNFCCC was founded back in 1992, it was agreed that ‘Conferences of the Parties’ to the original agreement (or ‘COP’s) would take place annually, so nations, organisations, NGOs and other stakeholders can discuss the latest developments and negotiate collective action on climate change.
The inaugural COP1 was in Berlin in 1995, and subsequent COPs have taken place every year since then, with the exception of COP26. This was scheduled to be held in Glasgow in 2020, but was delayed until November 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. But thankfully COP27 went ahead as planned last year.

COP27 was highly anticipated, and we were excited about the opportunities it presented for global cooperation and climate action, particularly as it was held in a host country that represents the struggles of many developing nations. The COP27 agenda prioritised the themes of mitigation, adaptation, and financing loss and damages, which felt positive and focused on implication, not just discussion.  
Unfortunately, there was a general consensus that COP27 fell short in terms of the outcomes. The discussion bit far outweighed the implementation, and certainly at Ecologi it wasn’t the success we’d hoped for. Many of us were left feeling a little deflated. 
But it wasn’t all bad, and there were glimmers of positivity. Here’s our COP27 summary: 
A historic loss and damage fund was created…
COP27 agreed to a ‘loss and damage’ fund to help developing countries hit by natural disasters resulting from climate change. Getting this on the agenda after 30 years marked a turning point, and offered justice for the poorer countries that haven’t caused the climate crisis, but are certainly suffering its worst impacts. It was a positive outcome. 
…but the fund proved to be one of the most contentious issues.
Getting the COP27 loss and damage fund agreed was no picnic. The EU and US initially refused demands from poorer countries for a new fund, wanting instead to divert existing funds. A row ensued over which countries were to be classed as ‘developing’, and therefore who should benefit (and indeed who should pay in). While an agreement was eventually reached, many details still need ironing out, and how it really all works won’t be pinned down until COP28. There was around €340m in pledges, including from the EU, New Zealand and Canada, but we’ll need to keep a close eye on how much actually makes it into the fund. 
It was sponsored by a plastic giant… 
There was a fair bit of awkwardness to distract from the main debates. Not least the face-palm moment of COP27 being sponsored by the plastic-waste-production-colossus that is Coca-Cola (named <a href="https://brandaudit.breakfreefromplastic.org/brand-audit-2021/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the world’s leading polluter of plastics in 2021</a>). That’s in addition to hundreds of private jets flying into Egypt and an unprecedented number of fossil-fuel lobbyists on-site (636 lobbyists from the oil and gas industries were registered at COP27, compared to 503 at COP26).
…and greenwashing came under the spotlight.
 With more and more companies setting net-zero plans and targets, accusations of greenwashing have been on the rise. At COP27, the UN secretary-general set up a task group to recommend criteria that companies need to meet to credibly set net-zero targets. The group presented its recommendations to COP27, with ten standards that build on existing initiatives, such as the Science Based Targets Initiative. They included the proposal that targets should lead to an overall reduction in emissions, including those from the supply chain.
1.5°C was reaffirmed…
The cover decision reaffirmed the objective of the Paris agreement to limit global warming to 1.5°C. The UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change says limiting warming to 1.5°C means global greenhouse gas emissions have to peak before 2025, and be reduced by 43% by 2030. But that’s only seven short years away, and we’re off course. 
…but even that was tough going. 
Some said this represented no progress on the COP26 conference in Glasgow last year, but even still some countries tried to push back on it, and specifically to abolish the requirement to update emissions plans every year. So even just holding the 1.5°C line proved tough. Frans Timmermans, vice-president of the European Commission, said of the negotiations: “Too many parties are not ready to make more progress today in the fight against the climate crisis. There were too many attempts to roll back what we agreed in Glasgow.”
The wording on fossil fuels was watered down… 
Proposals to mandate the phasing down of all fossil fuels were attacked by the oil lobby, and so the wording was diluted to the phasing down of just coal (which is exactly what was already stipulated in Glasgow). This was another one that drew fierce discussions late in the day, and where many felt little progress had been made. With fossil fuels still very much in the energy mix, efforts to tackle climate change will likely shift from mitigation to adaptation, with carbon removal technology needing to step up in a big way if we’re to achieve net-zero by 2050. 
…and the definition of low emission energy was vague. 
While the cover decision included a reference to “low emission and renewable energy”, the definition of low emission energy remained unclear. It’s likely that some countries will use this lack of clarity to argue for increased use of natural gas.
Finance is needed…
COP27 made it clear that access to finance is crucial, but climate change is competing with numerous other global crises, including economic recession and energy shortages, for the cash. Not enough money has been going to the right places to build the technologies needed to reach net-zero, and this was a key topic of debate at COP27. 
…but the money is starting to flow. 
There was some success in terms of finance. Along with the loss and damage fund, and promises to contribute up to US$230 billion to the Adaptation Fund, COP27 saw the launch of the Food and Agriculture for Sustainable Transformation (FAST) initiative. This will boost finance for the agriculture sector and help farmers adapt to climate change. This is particularly notable as food and farming hasn’t made the agenda in previous talks, despite food chains contributing around one-third of global greenhouse gas emissions.

While some argued that the language of COP27’s final cover decision was stronger and more assertive than <a href="https://ecologi.com/articles/blog/what-was-agreed-at-cop26" target="_blank" rel="noopener">COP26</a>, we believe that in terms of outcomes the substance was too weak to tackle the formidable challenge that lies ahead. 
Following the IPCC’s sixth Assessment Report, the global energy crisis, and increasing pressure from civil society, we had hoped for stronger commitments from developed nations, an actual phase-out of fossil-fuels, and the delivery of their promises to developing countries. 
Looking ahead, we certainly hope that the lessons learnt from COP27 will be applied when the world’s leaders gather at COP28 in Abu Dhabi. Stay tuned for all the news from this year&#8217;s conversation in the weeks ahead!

Want to find out how your business can take simple and impactful climate action for our planet? Visit our <a href="https://ecologi.com/our-products">products page</a> or fill out the form below to speak to a member of our team.

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Climate Commitments Survey 2024

Our Climate Commitments 2024 report surveyed 1,400 business owners and decision-makers to businesses with 1-1,000 employees spanning all regions of the UK and 28 professional sectors. 
There were three clear themes that emerged this year. Despite the continuing economic downturn, businesses are still making sustainability a core part of their strategy and reaping the benefits. Whilst more and more businesses are starting their net-zero journey the majority are not on course to hit their targets by 2050. Key barriers around investment, time and tools still remain as well as a lack of government support to accelerate the transition to the net zero economy.
<h3>Read the full report </h3>
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 📁 Download the PDF report <a href="https://cms-assets.offset.earth/app/uploads/20240415131731/Climate_Commitments_Survey.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>

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<h3>1. Despite the continuing economic downturn, businesses are making sustainability a core part of their strategy and reaping the benefits.</h3>
76% said becoming more environmentally sustainable is a core business strategy for their organisation in 2024.
Despite the current cost of living crisis nearly two thirds (64%) say that the economic downturn is having a positive or no impact at all on their sustainability commitments with only a third (29%) saying it is having a negative impact. As a result 81% are planning on either increasing or maintaining their investment in sustainability initiatives.
Changing business practices are wide-ranging and have seen nearly half of respondents increasing rates of recycling (49%) or reducing energy consumption (48%) while over a third (37%) have taken the step of using ‘greener’ suppliers and products, been educating employees on best practices to reduce climate change (35%) and increased their use of renewable energy (35%).
For the two thirds of businesses (63%) who have set sustainability targets, they are reporting multiple business benefits. These range from improved brand reputation (34%), reduced costs (31%), increased productivity and/or innovation (30%), attracting more eco-conscious customers (28%), employee loyalty and/or motivation (28%), competitive advantage (22%) and increased revenue and/or market share (22%).

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<h3>2. More and more businesses are starting their net-zero journey but are not on course to hit their targets</h3>
72% of businesses have either measured their footprint consistently over the past few years (35%) or in the last year (37%) demonstrating the momentum in the first step on a net-zero journey.
Around a third have calculated their carbon footprint (30%), set emissions reductions targets (35%), achieved emissions reductions (30%) and funded climate action (35%) but less than a third (27%) were on track to reach net-zero by 2050 or sooner.
Businesses still recognised the role of carbon offsetting as an effective way for businesses to contribute to global climate action (21%) when used as part of a wider strategy (17%) after reducing emissions as much as possible (17%). Funding tree planting still tops the list as businesses’ number one favoured climate action solution (46%), followed by renewable energy (38%), habitat conservation &amp; restoration (37%), rainforest conservation (32%) and carbon dioxide removal (31%).

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<h3>3. Barriers around investment, time and tools still remain, as well as a lack of government support.</h3>
Over a third of UK businesses cited financial constraints (32%), the cost of tools or technology (28%), lack of government support in the form of incentives (25%), time constraints (25%) and the lack of the ability to measure their carbon footprint (20%). 
The business sector is calling out for more support from the government.  Nearly eight in ten (79%) of UK businesses feel that the government should provide more support to improve their environmental affairs, three quarters (76%) feel that the government investing in the green economy would be good for business, creating jobs and lowering their running costs while 73% feel more government support is key to their business increasing its sustainability targets.
With less than half (49%) of businesses yet to apply for government funding to make their business greener there’s a clear desire for more funding (45%) and incentives (44%) to be made available as well as clearer information (40%) on how to access these.

<h3>Businesses can lead the sustainable revolution</h3>
Ecologi remains committed to supporting businesses on their climate journey through our all-in-one platform allowing organisations to calculate their carbon footprint, set targets and reduce their emissions whilst funding high quality climate action projects. Our mission is to inspire and empower businesses to accelerate global climate action.
We’re trusted by over 20,000 businesses. Why not add yours to the list? If you want to make your business greener, better, faster, stronger, speak to our expert team.
You can access the full data set <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vR2QZj3JAUk_f4suOMmd653C6AEiytUp_T5WhBnUOypIkW9Wf9yT61C9TzQ4_GMwQ/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>

Speak to our expert team to make your business greener, better, faster, stronger

Ecologi Impact Report 2023: Another year of impact for our planet

Impact Reports

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Impact Report 2023: Another year of impact for our planet

Read our 2023 Impact Report to discover the incredible achievements of the Ecologi community.

It’s that time of year again, when we share our annual Impact Report to highlight the scale of the impact funded by our community, and the incredible achievements of the impactful projects that Ecologi has supported over the past twelve months.
Read the full report below, or stick with us here, as we summarise some of the top facts and figures from 2023.

<h2>Over 75 million trees funded</h2>
…in fact, nearly 77 million! As of the end of the year, the Ecologi community has funded the planting of 76.9 million trees in eighteen countries around the world – from Argentina to Tanzania.
This includes 20.6 million trees which were funded by the Ecologi community in 2023, representing 27% of our overall count of trees funded to date.
We also now support reforestation projects in all four nations of the United Kingdom, and have planted 300,000 trees here at home.

<h2>Over 38,000 livelihoods supported through reforestation and agroforestry projects</h2>
We are constantly working on improving our understanding of how our funding for reforestation projects supports local people and communities.
Thanks to improved data visibility across our projects this year, we can report that the reforestation projects we fund support at least 38,000 people – for example through training, employment, investment in micro-businesses, or the provision of healthcare and wellbeing services.

<h2>New habitat restoration projects already showing results</h2>
In October, we launched our first-ever dedicated habitat restoration project – called <a href="https://ecologi.com/projects/wildflowers-wetlands-and-wildlife" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Wildflowers, Wetlands and Wildlife</a>. This project supports the Future Forest Company’s projects restoring and conserving habitats and ecosystems that are important for native biodiversity in the United Kingdom – costing only a few pounds per square metre of habitat restored.
In just the last quarter of 2023, our community funded it’s first 5,000 m2 of habitat restoration, and the sites are already seeing some exciting signs that this restorative effort is working – with the return of the Northern brown argus (Aricia artaxerxes) to Stirlingshire, and elusive pine martens (Martes martes) spotted at Dumyat.

<h2>Another half a million tonnes of carbon avoidance</h2>
Our community funded another 565 ktCO2e this year, bringing our all-time total of emissions avoided to 2.96 MtCO2e (million tonnes).
This year, we saw increased demand for a wide range of projects that feature lots of co-benefits, with Community-based projects (like cookstoves and boreholes) averaging 7.25 validated benefits for the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and Nature-based projects averaging 5.38 SDGs.
The voluntary carbon market has received a lot of attention and scrutiny this year, which has helped to expose some of the poor-quality projects on the market, as well as increasing transparency, due diligence and quality standards across the board. This year, we joined the <a href="https://cmif.co.uk/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Carbon Markets Innovation Forum</a>, to join up with other startups in the carbon markets who are dedicated to supporting only high-quality projects.
Thanks to all these positive changes, as well as a huge demand for high-quality projects, the market is starting to bounce back – and high-quality projects are starting to receive the attention (and funding) they deserve. You can read more about how we review projects before funding them <a href="https://ecologi.com/articles/blog/funding-carbon-credits" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>.

<h2>Our first 1,000 tonnes of carbon removal</h2>
Late in the year, we launched our first carbon removal projects onto our <a href="http://ecologi.com/impact-shop" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Impact Shop</a>, enabling our community to <a href="https://ecologi.com/projects/biochar" target="_blank" rel="noopener">fund biochar projects</a> for the first time, and our community funded our first 1,056 tonnes of removals.
Carbon removal projects are those which take carbon dioxide (CO2) which is already in the atmosphere, remove it, and store it somewhere in the biosphere (like in forests) or the geosphere (like underground). These tend to be much more expensive on the market than carbon avoidance, and so the volumes are modest. This year, we began to fund projects with durable storage – <a href="https://ecologi.com/impact-shop/support-biochar-carbon-removal-projects" target="_blank" rel="noopener">biochar carbon removal</a> – as well as those with nature-based storage, through <a href="https://ecologi.com/impact-shop/support-certified-blue-carbon-projects" target="_blank" rel="noopener">blue carbon</a> and <a href="https://ecologi.com/impact-shop/support-certified-afforestation-projects" target="_blank" rel="noopener">terrestrial afforestation (ARR)</a>.
Around 10% of our community’s carbon removal tonnes funded this year went towards biochar, with 40% for blue carbon and 50% for green ARR.

<h2>Read more stats and stories in our full Impact Report 2023</h2>
We’ve collected just a few of our favourite stats in this article, but you can read more – and more in-depth stories from all the projects supported – in the full report, <a href="https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/e/2PACX-1vSGPflji-t40_-gNYvj9Nam45ZQbcrU8EEFo9uuTk--SakI9khZ_kb3F42lxKq8JlwNzxAqyHK9vOz_/pub?start=false&amp;loop=false&amp;delayms=60000" target="_blank" rel="noopener">which you can view here</a>.
As ever, we extend our heartfelt thanks to every member of the Ecologi community who supported these wonderful projects in 2023, as well as all our partners and suppliers and other organisations who we have worked with this year.

Ready to make a difference for our planet? Get in touch, and let’s chat about how we can help you on your climate journey.

Case studies

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Case study: How EET Group is embedding sustainability

Case study: How EET Group is embedding sustainability into IT distribution 

<h2>About EET Group</h2>
EET Group is a value adding IT distributor. They pride themselves on providing expert industry knowledge, tailored logistics solutions, unique sales services, and innovative marketing tools to support their partners&#8217; success.
Founded in 1986, operating in 23 markets across Europe and shipping to over 70 countries, EET Group offers an extensive portfolio of more than 1,100 brands. Their team of 750 employees works collaboratively to deliver unparalleled value to partners and customers.

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<h2>Issue</h2>
The distribution of spare parts was EET Group’s initial business focus and remains a cornerstone today, even as they have expanded their business into other areas. With a 30-year heritage in spare parts distribution, environmental purpose is embedded in their DNA.
Their mission is to extend the lifespan of electronic equipment, including printers, laptops, mobile phones, and servers, thereby diverting them from landfill. They give tech products a second life, before they become electronic waste. The team is already making significant progress in their climate journey, having calculated their carbon footprint and set emissions reductions goals. Their next step involves setting Science Based Targets.
EET Group was looking for a trusted partner capable of assisting them in making a greater positive impact on our planet while enhancing transparency. EET Group&#8217;s decision to collaborate with Ecologi was driven by a desire to attract employees, suppliers, and customers, as well as to enhance brand reputation and drive business growth.
The team also saw the benefit of joining a community that’s working together to collectively tackle the climate crisis, and connecting with other like-minded businesses through initiatives like the Million Tree Pledge.

<h2>Challenges</h2>
There were some barriers to overcome, such as a lack of knowledge about the appropriate climate action, and concerns about potential greenwashing accusations. However, Ecologi’s expert team was available to provide assistance in addressing these challenges.
EET Group was reassured by Ecologi&#8217;s credibility, demonstrated through our trusted relationships with over 20,000 businesses and the fact that our climate experts employ state-of-the-art data and monitoring capabilities throughout the verification and due diligence process. They were also reassured that we regularly update our transparency page with evidence of our strategy, impact ledger and financial information.
EET Group was also confident that Ecologi’s business toolkit and communication guidelines are available to offer practical assistance in using the correct language and avoiding the pitfalls of greenwashing.

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<h2>Solution</h2>
EET Group’s climate journey began by selecting the right portfolio from Ecologi&#8217;s extensive list of high quality carbon avoidance projects. The team introduced ‘climate conscious outbound shipping’, which involved purchasing carbon credits to mitigate emissions from outbound carriers.
Then, at the beginning of 2021, EET Group took the Million Tree Pledge and committed to planting one million trees by 2025. Since then, they have planted one tree for every five shipments leaving their warehouses. With around 1.1 million outbound shipments a year, they have planted more than 220,000 trees annually – that’s an area the size of two tennis courts every single day! EET Group actually smashed their 2025 target and fulfilled their million tree pledge in April 2023.
EET Group has already implemented circular practices and eliminated virgin plastics from their own private label eStuff Infinite consumer products. Now, they are focusing on reducing the environmental impact of their B2B products as well. In the future, they plan to collaborate with Ecovadis and the SBTI to introduce more sophisticated tracking of Scopes 1,2 and 3 emissions, thereby improving the accuracy of their measurements to date.

<h2>Outcome</h2>
EET Group has already funded the planting of a staggering 1.43 million trees and, through purchasing and retiring certified carbon credits with Ecologi, has prevented the emission of over 26,300 tCO2e.

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By sharing EET Group’s impact with customers, suppliers and employees, Ecologi has added even more value to the partnership.
Ongoing sustainability initiatives are discussed at every ‘town hall’ and board meeting, with regular updates on trees funded for planting. The partnership has truly become a part of the corporate culture. EET Group also regularly reports its environmental impact through dedicated company web pages. And to increase awareness of their reforestation initiative, every physical shipment notice includes a marketing message highlighting that for every five shipments, the planting of a tree is funded. They also link directly to both Ecologi and the Million Tree Pledge through their website and social media channels.
The team is regularly invited to talk about their reforestation efforts at customer and supplier events, and they have completed several annual initiatives with suppliers, inviting them to stand together and grow the EET Group forest by contributing trees to the cause.
At Ecologi, we believe that sharing impact is fundamental to the climate journey. Our badges, business toolkit, and communication guidelines have made it easier and more effective for the team at EET Group to share their good work.

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Kristian Lading, Group Chief Products and Solutions Officer at EET Group, is building something of a reputation for his sustainability efforts, both at home and at work. His colleagues fondly refer to him as the “Tree Man” and his daughter describes his job as “selling electronic spare parts and planting trees”. We fully endorse that job description! 
<blockquote>Making a positive impact on the environment and contributing to the fight against climate change is something we at EET take great pride in. We will continue to work with Ecologi and our valued customers and suppliers to grow the EET Forest and support reforestation efforts around the world. It helps us engage with customers and suppliers, and attract new employees, as everybody understands that planting trees is great for our planet.</blockquote>

<h2>Want to make your business greener, better, faster, stronger?</h2>
If this article has inspired your business to start its climate journey, talk to our team today.

What happened at COP27?

What was COP27?

Where was COP27?

What does COP27 stand for?